Tattoos of a Barbary sheep and a wild bull were found on the upper arm of a male mummy from Gebelein dated to between 3351 BC and 3017 BC.
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| Barbary sheep and three dogs on C-Ware elliptica bowl, Gebelein (?), Naqada IA-IIB period |
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| Cylinder seal impression with goat, sheep and temple, Khafajeh, 3350-2900 BC |
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| Fragment of ivory from Tomb of Den, Umm el-Qaab (Abydos), 1st Dynasty period |
Note the hand-shaped, zigzag line (rocks), and temple façade compared with the above cylinder seal.
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| Tag (P002208), Uruk, ca. 3350-3200 BC |
AN |SZU2.EN~a| (cover.lord) DARA4~a1 (red) KU6~a (fish) |
According to the Sumerian king list, Etana, "a shepherd, who went up (or down) to An (𒀭) and consolidated Kur Kur (𒆳𒆳)," became king.
Sumerian: kur = mountain
The name Gebelein means "two mountains," "two rocky hills" in Arabic
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| Gebelein painted linen, Gebelein, ca. 3600 BC |
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| Gebelein painted linen, Gebelein |
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| Cylinder seal with "ring-post," Nuzi (?), ca. 3300-2900 BC |
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| Skull of a bovine, Gebelein, 3900-3300 BC |
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| Gebelein painted linen, Gebelein |
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| Petroglyph of a boat and a bull at HK61A in Hierakonpolis |
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| Cylinder seal impression with a boat and a bull, Uruk, ca. 3300-2900 BC |
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| Gebel el-Arak Knife (front), Gebel el-Arak (?), ca. 3600-3300 BC |
In use for over 500 year (Naqada IIA - Dynasty 1), the center of HK29A (Ceremonial Center) at Hierakonpolis underwent several renovations, and the structure was composed in part of a walled, oval courtyard 45m long and 13m wide, on the south side of which was a monumental gateway framed by four enormous wooden pillars of acacia wood and the eight smaller ones (arranged in 2 rows).
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| Stone chisel, ca. 3000-2750 BC |
Elam was written with the proto-cuneiform NIM~a  (high; early) |
According to the Sumerian king list, En-me-barage-si, "who made the land of Elam submit," became king.
Gate = Sumerian: kan4 
(Akkadian: bābu)
E-ana = Sumerian: É-AN.NA 
According to the Sumerian king list, Kiš was defeated; its kingship to E-ana was carried.
E-ana = HK29A (Ceremonial Center) at Hierakonpolis
The trash pits of HK29A contained thousands (37,500) of animal bones deriving from domestic livestock and fish as well as a diverse array of wild animals. The volume of bones, the presence of all elements of the skeletons and the debris from the sharpening of flint knives combine to suggest that large numbers of animals were butchered at this site. The high quality cattle, young sheep and goats and the large fish, many over 1 m in length, indicate feasting formed a large part of the festivities; however, the wild animals, including crocodile, soft-shell turtle, hippopotamus, gazelle, barbary sheep and various carnivores imply something more than just fine dining.
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| Plaque of banquet scene, Mesopotamia, 2700-2600 BC |
According to the Sumerian king list, Mes-kiaĝ-gasher entered the sea and went up (or down) to hur-saĝ.
Sumerian: hur-saĝ = mountain, hill
References:
https://ponda.org/object/C-0109April 29, 2024 Takahiko Nakagawa